Unveiling the Power of ESG: How it Shapes Brand Image and Fuels Purchase Intentions - An Empirical Exploration

Wilert Puriwat, Suchart Tripopsakul

Abstract


Nowadays, with a widespread increase in awareness of environmental concerns, the ESG concept has been acknowledged as one of the most vital strategic movements for firms. This paper explores the effect of ESG activities on brand image and customers’ purchase intentions. The moderating effects of a range of sociological factors are also investigated. Based on 168 samples of Thai participants, survey research with an online questionnaire tool was employed to collect the data with structural equation modelling (SEM) to test hypotheses and verify the conceptual framework of this study. The results showed that all environmental, social, and governance activities significantly affect brand image and customers’ purchase intentions. For brand image as a consequence of ESG activities, social activities (b = 0.511) play the strongest role, followed by environmental (b = 0.482) and governance (b = 0.434) activities. On the other hand, environmental activities (b = 0.420) of the ESG concept strongly influence customers' purchase intentions, followed by social (b = 0.395) and governance activities (b = 0.309). Additionally, the moderation analysis found that the effects of ESG activities on brand image and purchase intentions vary depending on gender, age, and education level. These findings provide a deeper understanding of the ESG concept for both academics and practitioners. This paper offers implications and recommendations for further research based on the outcomes.

 

Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2022-03-04-07

Full Text: PDF


Keywords


Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG); Brand Image; Purchase Intention; Environmental activities; Thailand; SEM.

References


Deringer, F. B. (2005). A legal framework for the integration of environmental, social and governance issues into institutional investment. United Nations Environment Program Finance Initiative, Geneva, Switzerland. Available online: https://policycommons.net/artifacts/3495657/a-legal-framework-for-the-integration-of-environmental-social-and-governance-issues-into-institutional-investment/4296235/. CID: 20.500.12592/nb044k (accessed on September 2022).

Ketsuriyong, K. (2022). Thailand ESG and Sustainability Survey Report 2022. Deloitte, London, United Kingdom. Available online: https://www2.deloitte.com/th/en/pages/about-deloitte/articles/th-esg-sustainability-survey-report-2022-th.html (accessed on April 2022).

Koh, H. K., Burnasheva, R., & Suh, Y. G. (2022). Perceived ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) and Consumers’ Responses: The Mediating Role of Brand Credibility, Brand Image, and Perceived Quality. Sustainability (Switzerland), 14(8), 4515. doi:10.3390/su14084515.

Miralles-Quirós, M. M., Miralles-Quirós, J. L., & Gonçalves, L. M. V. (2018). The value relevance of environmental, social, and governance performance: The Brazilian case. Sustainability (Switzerland), 10(3), 574. doi:10.3390/su10030574.

Whitelock, V. G. (2015). Environmental social governance management: A theoretical perspective for the role of disclosure in the supply chain. International Journal of Business Information Systems, 18(4), 390–405. doi:10.1504/IJBIS.2015.068477.

Peterdy, K. (2022). ESG (Environmental, Social and Governance) A management and analysis framework to understand and measure how sustainably an organization is operating. CFI Education Inc., Vancouver, Canada. Available online: https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/esg/esg-environmental-social-governance/ (accessed on October 2022).

Berg, F., Kölbel, J., & Rigobon, R. (2019). Aggregate Confusion: The Divergence of ESG Ratings. SSRN Electronic Journal. doi:10.2139/ssrn.3438533.

Paolone, F., Cucari, N., Wu, J., & Tiscini, R. (2022). How do ESG pillars impact firms’ marketing performance? A configurational analysis in the pharmaceutical sector. Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing, 37(8), 1594–1606. doi:10.1108/JBIM-07-2020-0356.

Teor, T. R., Ilyina, I. A., & Kulibanova, V. V. (2022). The Influence of ESG-concept on the Reputation of High-technology Enterprises. 2022 Communication Strategies in Digital Society Seminar (ComSDS). doi:10.1109/comsds55328.2022.9769074.

Cheng, L. T. W., Sharma, P., & Broadstock, D. C. (2023). Interactive effects of brand reputation and ESG on green bond issues: A sustainable development perspective. Business Strategy and the Environment, 32(1), 570–586. doi:10.1002/bse.3161.

Tripopsakul, S., & Puriwat, W. (2022). Understanding the Impact of ESG on Brand Trust and Customer Engagement. Journal of Human, Earth, and Future, 3(4), 430–440. doi:10.28991/HEF-2022-03-04-03.

Lee, M. T., Raschke, R. L., & Krishen, A. S. (2022). Signaling green! firm ESG signals in an interconnected environment that promote brand valuation. Journal of Business Research, 138, 1–11. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.08.061.

Lee, H. J., & Rhee, T. H. (2023). How Does Corporate ESG Management Affect Consumers’ Brand Choice? Sustainability (Switzerland), 15(8), 6795. doi:10.3390/su15086795.

Reinhardt, F. L., Stavins, R. N., & Vietor, R. H. K. (2008). Corporate Social Responsibility Through an Economic Lens. Review of Environmental Economics and Policy, 2(2), 219–239. doi:10.1093/reep/ren008.

Lourenço, I. C., Branco, M. C., Curto, J. D., & Eugénio, T. (2012). How Does the Market Value Corporate Sustainability Performance? Journal of Business Ethics, 108(4), 417–428. doi:10.1007/s10551-011-1102-8.

Nielsen Consumer LLC. (2015). The sustainability imperative: new insights on consumer expectations. Nielsen Company, New York, United States. Available online: https://nielseniq.com/global/en/insights/analysis/2015/the-sustainability-imperative-2/ (accessed on September 2022).

Luchs, M. G., Naylor, R. W., Irwin, J. R., & Raghunathan, R. (2010). The Sustainability Liability: Potential Negative Effects of Ethicality on Product Preference. Journal of Marketing, 74(5), 18–31. doi:10.1509/jmkg.74.5.018.

Carrington, M. J., Neville, B. A., & Whitwell, G. J. (2014). Lost in translation: Exploring the ethical consumer intention-behavior gap. Journal of Business Research, 67(1), 2759–2767. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2012.09.022.

Ellen, P. S., Webb, D. J., & Mohr, L. A. (2006). Building corporate associations: Consumer attributions for corporate socially responsible programs. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 34(2), 147–157. doi:10.1177/0092070305284976.

Kahreh, M. S., Babania, A., Tive, M., & Mirmehdi, S. M. (2014). An Examination to Effects of Gender Differences on the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 109, 664–668. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.525.

Rosati, F., Costa, R., Calabrese, A., & Pedersen, E. R. G. (2018). Employee attitudes towards corporate social responsibility: a study on gender, age and educational level differences. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 25(6), 1306–1319. doi:10.1002/csr.1640.

Koirala, M., & Charoensukmongkol, P. (2020). Contributions of CSR perception to employees commitment and job satisfaction: Does personal income matter? Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences, 41(2), 303–307. doi:10.34044/j.kjss.2020.41.2.06.

Hair Jr, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., & Ray, S. (2021). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) using R: A workbook. Springer Nature, Cham, Switzerland. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-80519-7.

Moisescu, O.-I. (2015). The Impact of Customers’ Perception of CSR on Corporate Brand Loyalty: The Case of the Romanian Mobile Telecom Industry. Central European Business Review, 4(2), 21–30. doi:10.18267/j.cebr.123.

Gaol, F. L., Denavi, M., Danny, J., Anggaragita, B. D., Hartanto, A., & Matsuo, T. (2022). Effects of Social e-Commerce on Consumer Behavior. HighTech and Innovation Journal, 3(4), 376-384. doi:10.28991/HIJ-2022-03-04-01.

Mohr, L. A., & Webb, D. J. (2005). The effects of corporate social responsibility and price on consumer responses. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 39(1), 121–147. doi:10.1111/j.1745-6606.2005.00006.x.

Lai, C. S., Chiu, C. J., Yang, C. F., & Pai, D. C. (2010). The effects of corporate social responsibility on brand performance: The mediating effect of industrial brand equity and corporate reputation. Journal of Business Ethics, 95(3), 457–469. doi:10.1007/s10551-010-0433-1.

Huang, C. C., Yen, S. W., Liu, C. Y., & Huang, P. C. (2014). The relationship among corporate social responsibility, service quality, corporate image and purchase intention. International Journal of Organizational Innovation, 6(3), 68-84.

Chen, M.-H., Tai, P.-N., & Chen, B. H. (2015). The Relationship among Corporate Social Responsibility, Consumer-Company Identification, Brand Prestige, and Purchase Intention. International Journal of Marketing Studies, 7(5), 33. doi:10.5539/ijms.v7n5p33.

Bianchi, E., Bruno, J. M., & Sarabia-Sanchez, F. J. (2019). The impact of perceived CSR on corporate reputation and purchase intention. European Journal of Management and Business Economics, 28(3), 206–221. doi:10.1108/EJMBE-12-2017-0068.

Ramayah, T. J. F. H., Cheah, J., Chuah, F., Ting, H., & Memon, M. A. (2018). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) using smartPLS 3.0. An updated guide and practical guide to statistical analysis, Pearson, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Nunnally, J.C. (1978). An Overview of Psychological Measurement. Clinical Diagnosis of Mental Disorders. Springer, Boston, United States. doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-2490-4_4.

Falk, R. F., & Miller, N. B. (1992). A primer for soft modeling. University of Akron Press, Akron, United States.

Cohen, J. (2013). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. Routledge, Abingdon. United Kingdom. doi:10.4324/9780203771587.

Iacobucci, D., Posavac, S. S., Kardes, F. R., Schneider, M. J., & Popovich, D. L. (2015). The median split: Robust, refined, and revived. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 25(4), 690–704. doi:10.1016/j.jcps.2015.06.014.

Wu, S.-I., & Wang, W.-H. (2014). Impact of CSR Perception on Brand Image, Brand Attitude and Buying Willingness: A Study of a Global Café. International Journal of Marketing Studies, 6(6), 43. doi:10.5539/ijms.v6n6p43.

Bhattacharya, C. B., Korschun, D., & Sen, S. (2009). Strengthening stakeholder-company relationships through mutually beneficial corporate social responsibility initiatives. Journal of Business Ethics, 85(SUPPL. 2), 257–272. doi:10.1007/s10551-008-9730-3.

Lee, K. H., & Shin, D. (2010). Consumers’ responses to CSR activities: The linkage between increased awareness and purchase intention. Public Relations Review, 36(2), 193–195. doi:10.1016/j.pubrev.2009.10.014.

Bae, G. K., Lee, S. M., & Luan, B. K. (2023). The Impact of ESG on Brand Trust and Word of Mouth in Food and Beverage Companies: Focusing on Jeju Island Tourists. Sustainability (Switzerland), 15(3), 2348. doi:10.3390/su15032348.

Martínez, P., Pérez, A., & del Bosque, I. R. (2014). CSR influence on hotel brand image and loyalty. Academia Revista Latinoamericana de Administracion, 27(2), 267–283. doi:10.1108/ARLA-12-2013-0190.

Sen, S., & Bhattacharya, C. B. (2001). Does doing good always lead to doing better? Consumer reactions to corporate social responsibility. Journal of Marketing Research, 38(2), 225–243. doi:10.1509/jmkr.38.2.225.18838.

Haski-Leventhal, D., Pournader, M., & McKinnon, A. (2017). The Role of Gender and Age in Business Students’ Values, CSR Attitudes, and Responsible Management Education: Learnings from the PRME International Survey. Journal of Business Ethics, 146(1), 219–239. doi:10.1007/s10551-015-2936-2.

Azam, M., Khalid, M. U., & Zia, S. Z. (2019). Board diversity and corporate social responsibility: the moderating role of Shariah compliance. Corporate Governance (Bingley), 19(6), 1274–1288. doi:10.1108/CG-01-2019-0022.

Carvalho, J. M. (2022). Modelling (Social) Intra / Entrepreneurship Process. Emerging Science Journal, 6(1), 14-36. doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-01-02.

Hur, W. M., Kim, H., & Jang, J. H. (2016). The Role of Gender Differences in the Impact of CSR Perceptions on Corporate Marketing Outcomes. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 23(6), 345–357. doi:10.1002/csr.1380.


Full Text: PDF

DOI: 10.28991/HIJ-2022-03-04-07

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2022 Wilert Puriwat, Suchart Tripopsakul